방법 비교

	TimesFM: 시계열 예측을 위한 디코더 전용 파운데이션 모델	Moirai: 범용 시계열 예측 트랜스포머	PatchTST
분야	딥러닝	딥러닝	딥러닝
계열	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
기원 연도	2024	2024	2023
창시자	Abhimanyu Das et al. (Google)	Gerald Woo et al. (Salesforce)	Nie, Y. et al.
유형	Pre-trained decoder-only transformer for zero-shot time-series forecasting	Foundation model for zero-shot time-series forecasting	Transformer for time series forecasting
원전	Das, A., Kong, W., Sen, R., & Zhou, Y. (2024). A decoder-only foundation model for time-series forecasting. ICML.	Woo, G., Liu, C., Kumar, A., Xiong, C., Savarese, S., & Sahoo, D. (2024). Unified training of universal time series forecasting transformers. ICML.	Nie, Y., Nguyen, N. H., Sinthong, P. & Kalagnanam, J. (2023). A Time Series is Worth 64 Words: Long-term Forecasting with Transformers. ICLR.
별칭	Time-series Foundation Model, Google TimesFM, TimesFM forecaster, Zaman Serisi Temel Modeli	Unified Time-Series Transformer, Universal Forecasting Transformer, MOIRAI, Evrensel Zaman Serisi Tahmin Transformatörü	PatchTST — Yama Tabanlı Zaman Serisi Transformer, patch-based time series transformer, channel-independent transformer
관련	3	3	3
요약	TimesFM is a pre-trained foundation model for univariate time-series forecasting introduced by Abhimanyu Das, Weihao Kong, Rajat Sen, and Yichen Zhou from Google in 2024. The model adopts a decoder-only transformer architecture, similar in spirit to large language models, and is trained on a large corpus of real-world and synthetic time-series data. Its central innovation is the ability to perform accurate zero-shot forecasting across diverse domains without task-specific fine-tuning.	Moirai is a foundation model for universal time-series forecasting introduced by Gerald Woo and colleagues at Salesforce Research in 2024 and presented at ICML. The core idea is to pre-train a single large Transformer on an exceptionally diverse corpus of time-series data (LOTSA) spanning many domains and frequencies, enabling zero-shot and few-shot forecasting on unseen datasets without task-specific retraining. Moirai employs patch-based tokenization, any-variate attention, and a mixture-of-distributions output head to handle variable frequencies, multiple variates, and probabilistic prediction in a unified architecture.	PatchTST is a patch-based Transformer architecture for time series forecasting, introduced by Nie and colleagues in 2023, that cuts each series into overlapping patches treated as tokens and processes channels independently. It balances computational efficiency with strong accuracy on long-horizon forecasting.