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| 구조화된 면접× | 심층 면담× | |
|---|---|---|
| 분야≠ | 조사방법론 | 질적 방법 |
| 계열 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 기원 연도≠ | 1940s–1950s | Mid-20th century (formalised in qualitative social research from the 1950s onward) |
| 창시자≠ | Survey research tradition; formalized by Campbell, Katona, and Kahn in mid-20th century | Rooted in sociological interviewing traditions; systematised by researchers including Steinar Kvale and Herbert J. Rubin |
| 유형≠ | Quantitative / mixed data collection technique | Qualitative research method |
| 원전≠ | Fontana, A., & Frey, J. H. (2000). The interview: From structured questions to negotiated text. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of Qualitative Research (2nd ed., pp. 645–672). Sage. link ↗ | Kvale, S. (1996). InterViews: An Introduction to Qualitative Research Interviewing. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803958203 |
| 별칭 | standardized interview, formal interview, schedule-based interview, fixed-format interview | IDI, semi-structured interview, unstructured interview, qualitative interview |
| 관련≠ | 4 | 6 |
| 요약≠ | A structured interview is a data collection technique in which every participant is asked exactly the same pre-specified questions in the same order, using standardized wording. Because the interview schedule is fixed, responses across participants are directly comparable, enabling quantitative aggregation and statistical analysis. It sits at the most standardized end of the interview continuum, between the self-administered questionnaire and the semi-structured interview. | The in-depth interview is a one-to-one qualitative data-collection method in which a researcher engages a participant in an extended, open-ended conversation to elicit rich, detailed accounts of experiences, perceptions, beliefs, or meanings. Unlike structured surveys, the interview guide serves as a flexible road map rather than a fixed script, allowing the researcher to probe unexpected directions as they emerge. The approach is foundational to qualitative inquiry and is used directly as a primary method or as the data-collection arm of phenomenology, grounded theory, narrative analysis, and other frameworks. |
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