방법 비교

	원격 설문	델파이 기법	종단 조사	모바일 조사
분야	조사방법론	조사방법론	조사방법론	조사방법론
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1970s–present (formalised by Dillman 1978; expanded to internet surveys 2000s)	1950s–1963	1940s (panel survey tradition); longitudinal designs codified mid-20th century	Late 2000s–2010s (accelerated with smartphone adoption, ~2007–2015)
창시자	Don A. Dillman (Tailored Design Method for mail/remote surveys)	Norman Dalkey and Olaf Helmer (RAND Corporation)	Established tradition; formalized in social science by Paul Lazarsfeld and colleagues (1940s panel studies)	Emerged from web survey methodology researchers (Couper, Buskirk, Toepoel, and others)
유형	Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection technique	Iterative expert consensus technique	Quantitative / mixed-methods survey design	Quantitative / mixed data collection technique
원전	Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Christian, L. M. (2014). Internet, Phone, Mail, and Mixed-Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method (4th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-1118456149	Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1963). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458–467.	Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922292	Toepoel, V., & Lugtig, P. (2014). What happens if you offer a mobile option to your web panel? Evidence from a probability-based panel of internet users. Social Science Computer Review, 32(4), 544–560.
별칭	distance survey, self-administered remote questionnaire, remote questionnaire, distributed survey	Delphi method, Delphi survey, expert consensus method, iterative expert panel	panel survey, repeated-measures survey, longitudinal panel study, wave survey	smartphone survey, mobile web survey, mobile questionnaire, m-survey
관련	6	6	3	6
요약	A remote survey is a structured data collection method in which respondents complete a questionnaire without the researcher being physically present. Delivered via mail, telephone, email, web platforms, or mobile apps, it enables researchers to reach geographically dispersed samples at relatively low cost. The method is central to social-science, public-health, and organisational research and is codified in Dillman's widely used Tailored Design Method.	The Delphi technique is a structured, multi-round data collection method that harvests and refines expert opinion through iterative questionnaires and controlled feedback. Developed at RAND Corporation in the 1950s, it is designed to converge a dispersed expert panel toward a reliable consensus on complex, uncertain, or future-oriented questions — without the conformity pressures of face-to-face group discussion.	A longitudinal survey collects structured questionnaire data from the same individuals or units at two or more distinct points in time. By tracking the same respondents across waves, researchers can distinguish genuine change from stable individual differences, establish temporal ordering between variables, and model trajectories of attitudes, behaviors, or outcomes in ways that a single cross-sectional snapshot cannot support.	A mobile survey is a self-report questionnaire designed and administered through smartphones or tablets, either via a mobile-optimized web browser or a dedicated app. As mobile devices became the dominant mode of internet access globally, surveys must be built for small screens, touch interaction, and variable connectivity. Mobile surveys are used across social science, public health, market research, and organizational studies when reaching respondents in their natural, everyday context is a priority.