방법 비교

	양적 우위 다수준 혼합 연구 설계	다수준 혼합 방법 설계
분야	연구설계	연구설계
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	2003–2010	Late 1990s–2000s
창시자	Tashakkori & Teddlie (multilevel MMR); dominant-status typology formalized by Morse (1991) and elaborated by Tashakkori & Teddlie	Bonnie Nastasi, John Hitchcock, and collaborators; systematized by Creswell & Plano Clark
유형	Mixed methods research design	Mixed methods research design
원전	Tashakkori, A., & Teddlie, C. (Eds.). (2010). SAGE Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social and Behavioral Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-1412972666	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-1483357829
별칭	QUAN-dominant multilevel MMR, multilevel mixed methods with quantitative priority, QUAN-priority multilevel design, dominant-status multilevel mixed methods	multilevel MMR, nested mixed methods, hierarchical mixed methods design, cross-level mixed methods
관련	6	5
요약	Quantitative-dominant multilevel mixed methods design is a mixed methods approach in which quantitative inquiry carries the primary evidential weight while qualitative data play an auxiliary, illuminating role, and both strands are applied across two or more hierarchically nested levels of analysis — for example, students within classrooms within schools. The design is suited to research questions that require both statistical modeling of nested structures and contextual understanding of how those structures operate.	Multilevel mixed methods design is a research approach that collects and integrates both quantitative and qualitative data at two or more distinct levels of a social or organizational hierarchy — for example, individuals nested within classrooms, classrooms within schools, or patients within healthcare teams. By pairing quantitative measurement of outcomes at one level with qualitative exploration of meaning at another, researchers gain a richer, more complete picture than either strand alone could provide.