방법 비교

	참여적 탐색적 순차 혼합 방법론	변혁적 혼합 방법 설계
분야	연구설계	연구설계
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	2007–2011 (participatory variant codified in Creswell & Plano Clark's typology expansions)	2003–2009
창시자	John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark (exploratory sequential base); Donna M. Mertens (participatory/transformative lens)	Donna M. Mertens; John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark
유형	Mixed methods research design	Mixed methods research design
원전	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN: 978-1483344379	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379
별칭	participatory QUAN→QUAL design, community-based exploratory sequential design, participatory two-phase mixed methods, QUAL→QUAN participatory design	transformative design, advocacy mixed methods, emancipatory mixed methods, social-justice mixed methods
관련	5	6
요약	Participatory exploratory sequential mixed methods is a two-phase design in which an initial qualitative phase — conducted with and by community members — generates findings that are used to build or refine a quantitative instrument or intervention, which is then tested in a second phase. The participatory lens ensures that affected communities co-own the research agenda, the data, and the interpretation throughout both phases.	Transformative mixed methods design embeds a social-justice or advocacy theoretical framework — such as feminism, critical race theory, disability studies, or indigenous worldviews — as the overarching lens that guides every decision about data collection, integration, and use. Both quantitative and qualitative strands serve the goal of advancing equity, challenging power structures, and producing actionable knowledge for marginalized communities.