방법 비교

	종단 확인적 요인 분석	종단 탐색적 요인 분석 (종단 EFA)
분야	심리측정학	심리측정학
계열	Latent structure	Latent structure
기원 연도	1970s–1990s	1970s–1983
창시자	Karl Jöreskog (CFA framework); longitudinal extension by Wheaton, Muthén, and Alwin in the 1970s–1990s	John R. Nesselroade and colleagues (lifespan developmental tradition)
유형	Longitudinal latent variable / measurement model	Latent variable / dimension reduction across time
원전	Widaman, K. F. & Reise, S. P. (1997). Exploring the measurement invariance of psychological instruments: Applications in the substance use domain. In K. J. Bryant, M. Windle & S. G. West (Eds.), The science of prevention: Methodological advances from alcohol and substance abuse research (pp. 281–324). American Psychological Association.	Nesselroade, J. R. (1983). Temporal selection and factor invariance in the study of development and change. In P. B. Baltes & O. G. Brim (Eds.), Life-Span Development and Behavior (Vol. 5, pp. 59–87). Academic Press.
별칭	longitudinal CFA, repeated-measures CFA, longitudinal measurement model, panel CFA	LEFA, longitudinal factor analysis, repeated-measures EFA, panel EFA
관련	6	6
요약	Longitudinal confirmatory factor analysis (longitudinal CFA) applies a theoretically specified measurement model to data collected at two or more time points. Its primary purpose is to verify that a scale measures the same latent construct in the same way over time — a prerequisite for drawing valid conclusions about change from repeated-measures data.	Longitudinal EFA applies exploratory factor analysis separately at each measurement occasion — or jointly across occasions — to discover whether the same latent factor structure emerges over time and whether factor loadings remain stable across waves. It is the foundational data-driven approach for examining structural change and continuity in panel and developmental research.