방법 비교

	동등성/비열등성 시험	t-검정을 위한 검정력 분석
분야	실험설계	통계학
계열	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
기원 연도	1987	1969
창시자	Schuirmann, D.J. / EMA regulatory framework	Jacob Cohen
유형	Parametric equivalence / non-inferiority test	Sample size determination
원전	Schuirmann, D.J. (1987). A Comparison of the Two One-Sided Tests Procedure and the Power Approach. Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, 15(6), 657–680.	Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805802832
별칭	non-inferiority trial, bioequivalence study, active-control trial, Denklik ve Üstünlük Olmayan Çalışma (Equivalence / Non-Inferiority)	t-test power analysis, sample size calculation for t-test, Güç Analizi — t-Testi
관련	6	5
요약	An equivalence or non-inferiority trial is a clinical study design that tests whether a new intervention is clinically equivalent to, or no worse than, an established standard by a pre-specified margin. Codified in Schuirmann's 1987 Two One-Sided Tests (TOST) framework and embedded in EMA and FDA regulatory guidance, this design is the regulatory standard for generic drug approval and medical device testing.	Power analysis for the t-test is a sample size planning procedure that determines how many participants are required to detect a mean difference of a given magnitude with acceptable probability. Formalised by Jacob Cohen in his 1969 and 1988 editions of Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences, it links four quantities — effect size (Cohen's d), significance level (α), statistical power (1 − β), and sample size — so that fixing any three allows calculation of the fourth.