방법 비교

	비판적 교육실천연구	비판적 담론 분석
분야	현장 조사법	질적 방법
계열	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
기원 연도	1986	Late 1970s–1990s (systematised ~1979–1995)
창시자	Wilfred Carr & Stephen Kemmis	Norman Fairclough; Teun A. van Dijk; Ruth Wodak
유형	Qualitative participatory research design	Qualitative research method
원전	Carr, W., & Kemmis, S. (1986). Becoming Critical: Education, Knowledge and Action Research. Falmer Press. ISBN: 978-1850000235	Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Polity Press.
별칭	critical-emancipatory action research, CEAR, critical participatory action research in education, emancipatory educational inquiry	CDA, Critical Linguistics, Discourse-Historical Approach, Dialectical-Relational Analysis
관련	4	6
요약	Critical educational action research is a cyclical, participatory research design in which educators collaboratively examine and transform their own practice through iterative cycles of planning, action, observation, and critical reflection. Grounded in critical theory, it goes beyond improving techniques to questioning the social, institutional, and ideological conditions that shape educational practice, aiming at emancipation from unjust or oppressive structures.	Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a qualitative method that examines how language in texts and talk constructs, sustains, and challenges relations of power, ideology, and social inequality. Drawing on linguistics, social theory, and critical philosophy, CDA treats discourse not merely as communication but as social practice — a site where dominance is reproduced and where resistance can be articulated. Developed in the late twentieth century by Norman Fairclough, Teun van Dijk, and Ruth Wodak, among others, CDA is applied to political speeches, media texts, policy documents, educational materials, and institutional interactions.