手法を比較

	Workplace Incivility Scale	Stanford Presenteeism Scale
分野	産業保健	産業保健
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2001	2002
提唱者	Lilia M. Cortina, Vicki J. Magley, Janet H. Williams, Regina D. Langhout; based on incivility concept by Andersson & Pearson	Clifford Koopman, Kenneth R. Pelletier, James Murray, and colleagues
種類	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
原典	Andersson, L. M., & Pearson, C. M. (1999). Tit for tat? The spiraling effect of incivility in the workplace. Academy of Management Review, 24(3), 452-471.	Koopman, C., Pelletier, K. R., Murray, J. F., Sharda, C. E., Berger, M. L., Turpin, R. S., ... & Bendel, T. (2002). Stanford Presenteeism Scale: Health status and employee productivity. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 44(1), 14-20.
別名	WIS, Negative Acts Questionnaire (NAQ) - adapted	SPS-6, Presenteeism Scale
関連	5	5
概要	The Workplace Incivility Scale (WIS) is an assessment tool measuring exposure to low-intensity interpersonal mistreatment in occupational settings. Based on the concept of 'incivility' developed by Andersson and Pearson, and operationalized by Cortina and colleagues in 2001, the WIS captures rude, condescending, and hostile communication, excluding the overt aggression characteristic of workplace bullying or harassment. Workplace incivility is increasingly recognized as a significant occupational health risk with consequences for employee wellbeing, productivity, and organizational culture.	The Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6) is a brief assessment tool measuring work productivity and performance among employees who are present at work despite health problems, personal issues, or other limitations. Developed by Koopman and colleagues in 2002, the SPS-6 quantifies the degree to which an employee's ability to concentrate, accomplish tasks, and maintain efficiency is compromised while working. Presenteeism—working while ill or impaired—is increasingly recognized as a significant occupational health concern with substantial economic and wellbeing consequences.