手法を比較

	バリアントコーリング	シングルセル変異検出
分野	バイオインフォマティクス	バイオインフォマティクス
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2009–2010 (modern high-throughput era)	2016 (Monovar; foundational single-cell SNV calling)
提唱者	Li et al. (SAMtools/bcftools, 2009); McKenna et al. (GATK, 2010)	Hamim Zafar, Ken Chen, Nicholas Navin and colleagues
種類	Computational genomics pipeline	Computational genomics pipeline
原典	McKenna, A., Hanna, M., Banks, E., Sivachenko, A., Cibulskis, K., Kernytsky, A., ... & DePristo, M. A. (2010). The Genome Analysis Toolkit: A MapReduce framework for analyzing next-generation DNA sequencing data. Genome Research, 20(9), 1297–1303.	Zafar, H., Wang, Y., Nakhleh, L., Navin, N., & Chen, K. (2016). Monovar: single-nucleotide variant detection in single cells. Nature Methods, 13(6), 505–507.
別名	SNP calling, genotyping from sequencing, mutation detection, variant detection	scVariant calling, single-cell SNV calling, scDNA-seq variant detection, single-cell somatic mutation calling
関連	6	1
概要	Variant calling is the computational process of identifying positions in a sequenced genome that differ from a reference sequence — including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), small insertions and deletions (indels), and structural variants. It transforms aligned sequencing reads into an interpretable catalogue of genetic differences, forming the foundation for population genetics, disease-gene discovery, and clinical genomics applications.	Single-cell variant calling is a bioinformatics pipeline that identifies DNA sequence variants — single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), small insertions and deletions, and copy-number alterations — within individual cells rather than across a bulk tissue mixture. By resolving the mutational landscape cell by cell, it reveals intra-tumoral heterogeneity, clonal architecture, and somatic mutation patterns that bulk sequencing obscures. The approach is central to cancer genomics, developmental biology, and any study where cell-to-cell genetic diversity is the primary question.