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| 観光客満足度尺度× | 観光客ロイヤルティ尺度× | |
|---|---|---|
| 分野 | 観光経営学 | 観光経営学 |
| 系統 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 提唱年≠ | 1990s | 2000 |
| 提唱者≠ | Multiple authors (composite instrument) | Oppermann, M. |
| 種類 | Self-report questionnaire | Self-report questionnaire |
| 原典≠ | Akama, J. S., & Kieti, D. M. (1996). Tourism and socio-economic change in a Kenyan coastal community. Journal of Tourism Studies, 7(2), 45-61. link ↗ | Oppermann, M. (2000). Tourism destination loyalty. Journal of Travel Research, 39(1), 78-84. DOI ↗ |
| 別名≠ | TSS | TLS, Destination Loyalty Scale |
| 関連 | 5 | 5 |
| 概要≠ | The Tourist Satisfaction Scale (TSS) measures overall and domain-specific satisfaction of visitors to a destination or tourism facility. Developed across multiple research streams in the 1990s-2000s, it quantifies how well tourism experiences meet visitor expectations across accommodation, attractions, service quality, and value. Essential for destination marketing organizations and hospitality managers seeking systematic feedback on visitor experiences and competitive benchmarking. | The Tourist Loyalty Scale (TLS) measures the extent to which visitors intend to return to a destination and recommend it to others, reflecting behavioral commitment and preference relative to competing destinations. Developed by Oppermann (2000) and refined across multiple tourism contexts, the TLS captures the ultimate outcome of satisfaction and destination image—willingness to invest time and money in repeat visitation and endorsement. As the true measure of competitive advantage in tourism, loyalty drives revenue stability, positive reputation, and ecosystem resilience. |
| ScholarGateデータセット ↗ |
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