手法を比較

	多変量説明的研究	多変量相関研究
分野	研究デザイン	研究デザイン
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	Mid-to-late 20th century (consolidated ~1960s–1980s)	1920s–1930s (multivariate extensions); consolidated in applied social science by 1970s
提唱者	Rooted in the multivariate statistics tradition (R.A. Fisher, Harold Hotelling) combined with explanatory research design conventions codified by Kerlinger and others	Developed from Galton and Pearson's bivariate correlation work, extended to multivariate contexts by R.A. Fisher, Harold Hotelling, and others
種類	Quantitative research design	Non-experimental quantitative research design
原典	Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN: 978-1473756540	Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2019). Using Multivariate Statistics (7th ed.). Pearson. ISBN: 978-0134790541
別名	multivariate explanatory design, explanatory multivariate research, multivariate causal-explanatory study, MER	multivariate correlational design, multivariate relational research, multiple-variable correlational study, multivariate associational research
関連	4	2
概要	Multivariate explanatory research is a quantitative design that simultaneously examines multiple independent variables to explain variance in one or more outcomes. Rather than describing what exists or simply correlating pairs of variables, it seeks causal or structural explanations by testing theoretically grounded models with techniques such as multiple regression, MANOVA, or structural equation modeling on survey, administrative, or observational numeric data.	Multivariate correlational research is a non-experimental quantitative design that examines the simultaneous associations among three or more variables. Rather than manipulating conditions, the researcher measures naturally occurring variables and uses techniques such as multiple regression, canonical correlation, or structural equation modeling to map the pattern and strength of their interrelationships. It is the dominant design when the goal is to understand how a set of predictors jointly relates to one or more outcome variables.