手法を比較

	Kaplan-Meier Analysis	Cox Proportional Hazards
分野	疫学	疫学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1958	1972
提唱者	Edward L. Kaplan and Paul Meier	Sir David Roxbee Cox
種類	Nonparametric survival estimator	Semi-parametric regression model
原典	Kaplan, E. L., & Meier, P. (1958). Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 53(282), 457–481.	Cox, D. R. (1972). Regression models and life-tables. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 34(2), 187–202.
別名	KM analysis, KM estimator, product-limit estimator, Kaplan-Meier curve	Cox regression, Cox PH model, proportional hazards model, CPH
関連	5	5
概要	Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis is a nonparametric method for estimating the survival function from time-to-event data. Introduced by Kaplan and Meier in 1958, it produces the classic step-function survival curve that shows the probability of surviving beyond each observed event time, correctly accounting for censored observations — participants who left the study or had not yet experienced the event by the end of follow-up. It is one of the most widely used techniques in clinical and epidemiological research.	The Cox proportional hazards model is a semi-parametric regression method that estimates the effect of one or more covariates on the hazard — the instantaneous rate of an event such as death, relapse, or failure — while making no assumption about the shape of the baseline hazard function. Introduced by David Cox in 1972, it is the dominant tool for multivariable survival analysis in clinical and epidemiological research.