手法を比較

	ハウスマンの仕様検定（固定効果モデル vs. 混合効果モデル）	最小二乗法 (OLS) 回帰	パネル共和分検定（ペドロニ、カオ、ウェスターランド）
分野	計量経済学	計量経済学	計量経済学
系統	Regression model	Regression model	Regression model
提唱年	1978	2019	2004
提唱者	Jerry A. Hausman	Wooldridge (textbook treatment); classical least squares	Pedroni; Kao; Westerlund
種類	Specification test for panel data models	Linear regression	Panel cointegration test
原典	Hausman, J. A. (1978). Specification Tests in Econometrics. Econometrica, 46(6), 1251–1271.	Wooldridge, J. M. (2019). Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach (7th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN: 978-1337558860	Pedroni, P. (2004). Panel Cointegration: Asymptotic and Finite Sample Properties of Pooled Time Series Tests with an Application to the PPP Hypothesis. Econometric Theory, 20(3), 597–625.
別名	Hausman specification test, FE vs RE test, Durbin-Wu-Hausman test, Hausman Spesifikasyon Testi (FE vs RE)	ordinary least squares, classical linear regression, linear regression, en küçük kareler regresyonu	Pedroni cointegration test, Kao cointegration test, Westerlund cointegration test, panel long-run equilibrium tests
関連	5	5	3
概要	The Hausman test is a specification test, introduced by Jerry A. Hausman in 1978, that decides between the fixed-effects (FE) and random-effects (RE) estimators in panel data models. The null hypothesis is that the random-effects estimator is consistent and efficient and should be preferred; the alternative is that random effects is inconsistent and fixed effects is required because the unit-specific effects are correlated with the explanatory variables.	Ordinary Least Squares is the classical linear regression method that explains a continuous outcome as a linear combination of predictors. It estimates the coefficients by minimising the sum of squared residuals, and under the Gauss-Markov assumptions these estimates are the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE).	Panel cointegration tests check whether a set of integrated variables share a stable long-run equilibrium relationship across a panel of cross-sectional units. Pedroni (1999, 2004) provides heterogeneous-panel tests with seven statistics, Kao (1999) gives an ADF-based homogeneous-panel test, and Westerlund (2007) adds error-correction-based tests robust to structural breaks and cross-sectional dependence.