手法を比較

	構造的ブレークに対するChow検定	Multiple Linear Regression
分野	計量経済学	統計学
系統	Regression model	Regression model
提唱年	1960	1886
提唱者	Gregory C. Chow	Francis Galton; formalized by Karl Pearson
種類	Test for structural break in regression coefficients	Parametric linear model
原典	Chow, G. C. (1960). Tests of equality between sets of coefficients in two linear regressions. Econometrica, 28(3), 591–605.	Galton, F. (1886). Regression towards mediocrity in hereditary stature. Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 15, 246–263.
別名	Chow breakpoint test, structural break test, Chow yapısal kırılma testi	MLR, OLS regression, multiple regression, linear regression with multiple predictors
関連	2	8
概要	The Chow test, introduced by Gregory Chow in 1960, checks whether the coefficients of a linear regression are the same across two subsamples — that is, whether a structural break occurs at a known point such as a policy change, crisis, or regime shift. It compares the fit of a single pooled regression with the combined fit of two separate regressions; a large improvement from splitting indicates the relationship differs between the two periods or groups.	Multiple linear regression (MLR) is a parametric regression model that expresses a continuous outcome as a weighted linear combination of two or more predictor variables plus a random error term. The unknown weights (regression coefficients) are estimated by ordinary least squares (OLS), which minimises the sum of squared residuals. The method traces to Francis Galton's 1886 work on hereditary stature and was placed on firm mathematical footing by Karl Pearson; Draper and Smith's 1966 textbook established it as the standard framework for applied regression.