手法を比較

	ベイズ混合モデリング	潜在クラス分析 (LCA)
分野	統計学	統計学
系統	Latent structure	Latent structure
提唱年	1997 (Richardson & Green Bayesian formulation)	1950s–1968
提唱者	Richardson & Green (seminal Bayesian treatment, 1997); broader Bayesian mixture roots trace to Dempster, Laird & Rubin (EM, 1977) and Titterington, Smith & Makov (1985)	Paul F. Lazarsfeld
種類	Latent-class / model-based clustering	Latent variable / person-centered classification
原典	Fruhwirth-Schnatter, S., Celeux, G. & Robert, C. P. (Eds.) (2019). Handbook of Mixture Analysis. CRC Press / Chapman & Hall. ISBN: 9780367733995	Goodman, L. A. (1974). Exploratory latent structure analysis using both identifiable and unidentifiable models. Biometrika, 61(2), 215–231.
別名	Bayesian mixture model, BMM, Bayesian model-based clustering, Bayesian finite mixture	LCA, latent class model, latent categorical analysis, finite mixture of multinomials
関連	4	6
概要	Bayesian mixture modeling represents the population as a weighted sum of K component distributions and estimates all unknowns — mixing weights, component parameters, and even the number of components — through posterior inference. It extends classical mixture analysis by placing priors on every parameter and quantifying uncertainty over latent group assignments rather than treating them as fixed.	Latent class analysis identifies unobserved subgroups — latent classes — within a population by finding patterns of responses across a set of categorical observed indicators. It is the categorical-variable counterpart of cluster analysis, but grounded in an explicit probabilistic model, and is widely used in social, health, and behavioral sciences to discover typologies in survey or diagnostic data.