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	Regressione di Cox con Covariate Variabili nel Tempo	Modello Congiunto per Dati Longitudinali e Tempo all'Evento
Campo	Analisi di sopravvivenza	Analisi di sopravvivenza
Famiglia	Survival analysis	Survival analysis
Anno di origine	1972	2004
Ideatore	Cox, D. R. (extended formulation by Therneau & Grambsch)	Tsiatis, A.A. & Davidian, M.; Rizopoulos, D.
Tipo	Semi-parametric hazard regression model	Semiparametric regression model
Fonte seminale	Therneau, T. M. & Grambsch, P. M. (2000). Modeling Survival Data: Extending the Cox Model. Springer.	Rizopoulos, D. (2012). Joint Models for Longitudinal and Time-to-Event Data. CRC Press.
Alias	time-varying covariate Cox model, extended Cox model, Zamana Bağlı Kovaryatlı Cox Regresyonu	joint model, shared random effects model, longitudinal-survival joint model, Joint Model (Boylamsal + Sağkalım Birleşik Model)
Correlati	4	5
Sintesi	Time-dependent Cox regression is an extension of the standard Cox proportional hazards model, introduced through the counting-process formulation developed by Therneau and Grambsch (2000), that allows one or more predictor variables to take different values at different points in a subject's follow-up period. It is the method of choice whenever a covariate — such as a laboratory measurement, a medication dose, or a disease severity score — changes over time rather than remaining fixed from study entry.	The joint model for longitudinal and time-to-event data, formalised by Tsiatis and Davidian in 2004 and extended comprehensively by Rizopoulos in 2012, simultaneously estimates a mixed-effects model for repeatedly measured biomarkers and a survival model for the time to an event, linking the two processes through shared random effects. It resolves two major problems that simpler approaches cannot handle: informative dropout from longitudinal studies and the endogeneity of time-varying biomarkers used as covariates in a Cox model.