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	Test Robusto di Radice Unitaria di Dickey-Fuller Aumentato	Test di radice unitaria di Dickey-Fuller aumentato (ADF)
Campo	Econometria	Econometria
Famiglia	Regression model	Regression model
Anno di origine	1996-2001	1979–1984
Ideatore	Ng and Perron (2001); Elliott, Rothenberg, and Stock (1996)	Said & Dickey (1984); building on Dickey & Fuller (1979)
Tipo	Unit root / stationarity test	Hypothesis test (unit root)
Fonte seminale	Ng, S., and Perron, P. (2001). Lag length selection and the construction of unit root tests with good size and power. Econometrica, 69(6), 1519-1554.	Said, S. E., & Dickey, D. A. (1984). Testing for unit roots in autoregressive-moving average models of unknown order. Biometrika, 71(3), 599–607.
Alias	robust ADF test, HAC-corrected ADF, heteroscedasticity-robust unit root test, GLS-detrended ADF	ADF test, ADF unit root test, Dickey-Fuller test (augmented), Said-Dickey test
Correlati	6	5
Sintesi	The Robust ADF unit root test extends the classical ADF procedure with improvements that correct for size distortions arising from heteroscedastic or serially correlated errors, and from poor lag-length selection. Drawing on GLS detrending (Elliott, Rothenberg, and Stock 1996) and modified information criteria (Ng and Perron 2001), it delivers reliable size and power in the presence of non-standard error processes common in macroeconomic and financial time series.	The Augmented Dickey-Fuller test is the standard procedure for determining whether a univariate time series contains a unit root — that is, whether the series is non-stationary. It extends the original Dickey-Fuller test by including lagged difference terms that absorb serial correlation in the residuals, making the test valid for a wide range of time-series processes encountered in economics and finance.