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| Test di radice unitaria ADF di Fourier× | Test dei residui ARDL di Fourier× | |
|---|---|---|
| Campo | Econometria | Econometria |
| Famiglia | Regression model | Regression model |
| Anno di origine≠ | 2006-2012 | 2001-2021 |
| Ideatore≠ | Becker, Enders, and Lee; Enders and Lee | Pesaran, Shin & Smith (ARDL foundation); Fourier extension by Nazlioglu and related authors |
| Tipo≠ | Unit root test with smooth structural breaks | Cointegration / bounds test |
| Fonte seminale≠ | Becker, R., Enders, W., & Lee, J. (2006). A stationarity test in the presence of an unknown number of smooth breaks. Journal of Time Series Analysis, 27(3), 381-409. DOI ↗ | Nazlioglu, S., Gormus, A., & Soytas, U. (2021). Oil prices and monetary policy in emerging markets: structural breaks, asymmetries, and Fourier approximations. Energy Economics, 95, 105119. link ↗ |
| Alias | Fourier ADF test, FADF test, Flexible Fourier ADF, Fourier-based ADF unit root test | Fourier ARDL, Fourier bounds testing, ARDL with Fourier approximation, F-ARDL cointegration test |
| Correlati≠ | 6 | 5 |
| Sintesi≠ | The Fourier ADF unit root test extends the standard Augmented Dickey-Fuller framework by incorporating low-frequency Fourier terms into the deterministic component. This allows the test to approximate smooth, gradual structural breaks in the level or trend of a time series without requiring prior knowledge of break number, timing, or form. | The Fourier ARDL bounds test augments the Pesaran-Shin-Smith cointegration framework with trigonometric (Fourier) terms that capture gradual, smooth structural breaks in the data-generating process. It tests for a long-run level relationship between variables without requiring the researcher to specify the number, timing, or form of structural breaks in advance. |
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