Pengukuran Pendidikan

Pengukuran pendidikan adalah teori dan praktik asesmen hasil belajar dan kemampuan—merancang, menskor, dan memvalidasi tes pendidikan.

Scope

Bidang ini mencakup teori tes (klasik dan teori respons butir), reliabilitas dan validitas, penskalaan dan penetapan standar, serta desain asesmen dan keadilan pengukuran.

Sub-topics

• Testing Accommodations
• Test Selection
• Test Length
• Achievement Rating
• Educational Indicators
• Growth Models
• Alternative Assessment
• Informal Assessment
• Scoring Rubrics
• Writing Evaluation
• Scoring
• Test Construction
• Failure
• Predictive Measurement
• Criticism
• Observation
• Test Results
• Test Use
• Personality Assessment
• Risk Assessment
• Parent Surveys
• Causal Models
• Control Groups
• Experimental Groups
• Matched Groups
• Sample Size
• Statistical Bias
• Auditory Evaluation
• Success
• Measurement Techniques
• Grade Point Average
• Hypothesis Testing
• Classroom Observation Techniques
• Interaction Process Analysis
• Naturalistic Observation
• Benchmarking
• Comparative Analysis
• Bibliometrics
• Cluster Grouping
• Synthesis
• Correlation
• Predictor Variables
• Cohort Analysis
• Audits (Verification)
• Evaluation Criteria
• Evaluation Utilization
• Data Analysis
• Lesson Observation Criteria
• Replication (Evaluation)
• Transcripts (Written Records)
• Cognitive Measurement
• Task Analysis
• Accuracy
• Measurement
• Network Analysis
• Evaluation
• Comparative Testing
• Multitrait Multimethod Techniques
• National Norms
• Test Format
• Vocational Evaluation
• Standard Setting (Scoring)
• Educational Testing
• Systems Analysis
• Monte Carlo Methods
• Identification
• Confidence Testing
• Guessing (Tests)
• Testing Problems
• Construct Validity
• Content Validity
• Factor Structure
• Semi Structured Interviews
• Structured Interviews
• Test Content
• Critical Incidents Method
• Delphi Technique
• Hierarchical Linear Modeling
• Scores
• Policy Analysis
• Cutting Scores
• Skill Analysis
• Equated Scores
• Raw Scores
• Online Surveys
• Prediction
• Adaptive Testing
• Computer Assisted Testing
• Individual Testing
• Response Style (Tests)
• Test Items
• Testing Programs
• Grade Equivalent Scores
• Error Patterns
• Evaluation Needs
• Evaluation Problems
• Measurement Objectives
• Focus Groups
• Pretesting
• Assessment Centers (Personnel)
• Grade Prediction
• Holistic Evaluation
• Group Testing
• Selection Criteria
• Intelligence Quotient
• Local Norms
• Norms

Core questions

• Bagaimana hasil belajar dan kemampuan dapat diukur secara akurat?
• Seberapa reliabel dan valid tes pendidikan?
• Bagaimana seharusnya tes diskor dan diskala?
• Bagaimana asesmen dapat dibuat adil?

Key concepts

• Reliabilitas
• Validitas
• Teori respons butir
• Penetapan standar
• Penskalaan
• Keadilan tes

Key theories

Teori pengukuran mental

Thorndike meletakkan dasar pengukuran kuantitatif hasil pendidikan.

Reliabilitas

Alfa Cronbach menstandarkan estimasi reliabilitas tes.

Validitas konstruk

Cronbach dan Meehl memformalkan konsep validitas untuk tes pendidikan dan psikologi.

History

Pengukuran pendidikan berkembang dari teori pengukuran mental Thorndike menjadi teori tes klasik (reliabilitas, validitas) dan teori respons butir, yang kini menjadi inti asesmen berskala besar.

Debates

Apa makna skor tes?

Validitas konstruk mendefinisikan ulang interpretasi tes sebagai argumen berbasis teori dan bukti.

Key figures

• Edward Thorndike
• Lee Cronbach
• Paul Meehl

Seminal works

• thorndike-1904
• cronbach-1951
• cronbach-meehl-1955

Frequently asked questions

Apa perbedaan antara reliabilitas dan validitas?

Reliabilitas adalah konsistensi suatu ukuran; validitas adalah apakah ukuran tersebut mengukur apa yang dimaksudkan untuk diukur.