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| Ljestvica toksičnog vodstva× | Ljestvica autentičnog vodstva× | |
|---|---|---|
| Područje | Organizacijsko ponašanje | Organizacijsko ponašanje |
| Obitelj | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Godina nastanka≠ | 2007 | 2008 |
| Tvorac≠ | Einarsen, Aasland, and Skogstad | Walumbwa, Avolio, Gardner, Wernsing, and Peterson |
| Vrsta≠ | Observational scale | Self-report scale |
| Temeljni izvor≠ | Einarsen, S., Aasland, M. S., & Skogstad, A. (2007). Destructive leadership behaviour: A definition and conceptual model. Leadership Quarterly, 18(3), 207-216. DOI ↗ | Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Wernsing, T. S., & Peterson, S. J. (2008). Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 34(1), 89-126. DOI ↗ |
| Drugi nazivi | Destructive Leadership Scale | Walumbwa ALS |
| Srodne | 4 | 4 |
| Sažetak≠ | The Toxic Leadership Scale (TLS) is a 16-item instrument measuring destructive leadership behaviors including abusive supervision, narcissism, and authoritarian control. Developed by Einarsen, Aasland, and Skogstad in 2007, the TLS identifies harmful leadership behaviors that undermine organizational effectiveness and employee well-being. | The Authentic Leadership Scale (ALS) is a 16-item instrument measuring four dimensions of authentic leadership: self-awareness, relational transparency, balanced processing, and internalized moral perspective. Developed by Walumbwa, Avolio, and colleagues in 2008, the ALS assesses leadership grounded in self-knowledge and ethical conviction. |
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