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Examinez les méthodes sélectionnées côte à côte ; les lignes qui diffèrent sont mises en évidence.
| Moindres Carrés Généralisés sur Panneaux (MCG Panneau)× | Modèle à effets fixes sur données de panel× | |
|---|---|---|
| Domaine | Économétrie | Économétrie |
| Famille | Regression model | Regression model |
| Année d'origine≠ | 1935 / developed for panels 1980s–1990s | 1978 |
| Auteur d'origine≠ | Aitken (1935); extended to panel data by Baltagi and others | Mundlak (1978); classical treatment in Wooldridge (2010) and Baltagi (2021) |
| Type≠ | Generalized linear regression | Panel regression estimator |
| Source fondatrice | Wooldridge, J. M. (2010). Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data (2nd ed.). MIT Press. ISBN: 978-0262232586 | Wooldridge, J. M. (2010). Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data (2nd ed.). MIT Press. ISBN: 978-0262232586 |
| Alias | Panel GLS, Generalized Least Squares for panel data, FGLS panel, feasible GLS panel | within estimator, FE model, within-group estimator, LSDV model |
| Apparentées≠ | 3 | 5 |
| Résumé≠ | Panel GLS is a regression method for longitudinal data that explicitly models the non-spherical error structure — heteroscedasticity across units and serial correlation within units — to recover efficient coefficient estimates. Unlike OLS, it weights observations by the inverse of the error covariance matrix, yielding the Best Linear Unbiased Estimator when the error structure is correctly specified. | The panel fixed effects (FE) model controls for all time-invariant, unit-specific unobserved heterogeneity by absorbing it into individual intercepts. By sweeping out unit means through the within transformation, FE yields unbiased estimates of the effect of time-varying regressors even when omitted unit-level confounders are correlated with those regressors. |
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