Comparer des méthodes

	Modèle à Correction d'Erreur Vectoriel de Fourier (Fourier VECM)	Modèle VAR de Fourier
Domaine	Économétrie	Économétrie
Famille	Regression model	Regression model
Année d'origine	2004–2012	2010s
Auteur d'origine	Enders & Lee (2004/2012); extended to VECM by subsequent authors	Enders & Lee; extended by Nazlioglu and others to VAR systems
Type	Error-correction model with Fourier terms	Multivariate time-series model
Source fondatrice	Enders, W., & Lee, J. (2012). A Unit Root Test Using a Fourier Series to Approximate Smooth Breaks. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 74(4), 574–599.	Enders, W., & Lee, J. (2012). A unit root test using a Fourier series to approximate smooth breaks. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 74(4), 574-599.
Alias	Fourier VECM, Fourier-approximation VECM, smooth-break VECM, trigonometric VECM	Fourier VAR, smooth structural break VAR, trigonometric VAR, Fourier-augmented VAR
Apparentées	5	6
Résumé	The Fourier VECM augments the classical vector error correction model with low-frequency trigonometric terms — sine and cosine components — to capture smooth, gradual structural change in cointegrating relationships without specifying the number or timing of breaks in advance. It is used for multivariate cointegrated systems where long-run equilibria may shift gradually over time.	The Fourier VAR model extends the standard Vector Autoregression by replacing fixed deterministic terms with Fourier trigonometric components, allowing the intercept (and optionally the trend) to shift gradually and smoothly over time. This eliminates the need to pre-specify the number, timing, or shape of structural breaks in a multivariate time-series system.