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Sport Psychology & Leisure

Sport and exercise psychology studies the psychological factors in sport, physical activity, and leisure, and their effects on performance and well-being.

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Scope

It covers motivation and performance in sport, the psychological benefits of exercise, and the experience of leisure and optimal performance.

Sub-topics

Core questions

  • What psychological factors shape athletic performance?
  • How does exercise affect mental health?
  • What produces peak or 'flow' experiences?
  • How does leisure contribute to well-being?

Key concepts

  • Flow
  • Motivation
  • Arousal and performance
  • Exercise and mental health
  • Leisure

Key theories

Flow / optimal experience
Csikszentmihalyi described 'flow', the absorbed state of optimal experience relevant to sport and leisure.

History

Sport and exercise psychology grew as an applied field from the mid-twentieth century, drawing on motivation and performance research and concepts such as flow.

Debates

Does arousal help or hurt performance?
The relationship between arousal and performance (e.g., inverted-U) is a classic question.

Key figures

  • Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi

Related topics

Seminal works

  • csikszentmihalyi-1990

Frequently asked questions

What is flow?
A state of full, energized absorption in an activity, in which performance and enjoyment are heightened.

Methods for this concept

Related concepts