Health & Mental Health Treatment & Prevention
This area covers the treatment and prevention of psychological and physical health problems — psychotherapy, clinical and counseling practice, and health promotion.
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Scope
It includes the major therapeutic approaches, their evidence base and outcomes, and the prevention and promotion of mental and physical health.
Sub-topics
- Psychotherapy & Psychotherapeutic Counseling
- Cognitive Therapy
- Behavior Therapy & Behavior Modification
- Group & Family Therapy
- Interpersonal & Client Centered & Humanistic Therapy
- Psychoanalytic Therapy
- Clinical Psychopharmacology
- Specialized Interventions
- Clinical Hypnosis
- Self Help Groups
- Lay & Paraprofessional & Pastoral Counseling
- Art & Music & Movement Therapy
- Health Psychology & Medicine
- Behavioral & Psychological Treatmentof Physical Illness
- Medical Treatmentof Physical Illness
- Promotion & Maintenanceof Health & Wellness
- Health & Mental Health Services
- Outpatient Services
- Community & Social Services
- Home Care & Hospice
- Nursing Homes & Residential Care
- Inpatient & Hospital Services
- Rehabilitation
- Drug & Alcohol Rehabilitation
- Occupational & Vocational Rehabilitation
- Speech & Language Therapy
- Criminal Rehabilitation & Penology
Core questions
- How can psychological problems be treated?
- Which treatments work, and how well?
- How can disorders be prevented?
- What are the active ingredients of therapy?
Key concepts
- Psychotherapy
- Cognitive behavioural therapy
- Client-centred therapy
- Treatment outcome
- Prevention
- Evidence-based practice
Key theories
- Client-centred therapy
- Rogers founded humanistic, client-centred therapy emphasizing empathy and unconditional positive regard.
- Cognitive therapy
- Beck and colleagues developed cognitive therapy, a leading evidence-based treatment.
- Psychotherapy outcome research
- Smith and Glass's meta-analysis showed psychotherapy is broadly effective.
History
Treatment research moved from psychoanalysis to humanistic (Rogers), behavioural, and cognitive (Beck) therapies; meta-analysis (Smith & Glass) established overall efficacy, and the field now emphasizes evidence-based practice and prevention.
Debates
- Common factors versus specific techniques
- Whether therapy works through shared relational factors or specific techniques.
Key figures
- Carl Rogers
- Aaron Beck
- Mary Lee Smith
- Gene Glass
Related topics
Seminal works
- rogers-1951
- smith-glass-1977
- beck-1979
Frequently asked questions
- Does psychotherapy work?
- Meta-analyses (beginning with Smith & Glass, 1977) show psychotherapy is broadly effective, with debate over how much is due to specific versus common factors.