Latent structureText Scaling

Wordscores

Wordscores is a text-based scaling method developed by Laver, Benoit, and Garry (2003) that estimates the policy positions of political actors based on word frequencies in their texts. By comparing word usage in reference texts of known positions with test texts, the method infers the latent political dimension of any document without requiring manual coding or training data.

Open in MethodMindSoonVideoSoon

Read the full method

Members only

Sign in with a free account to read this section.

Sign in

Sources

  1. Laver, M., Benoit, K., & Garry, J. (2003). Extracting policy positions from political texts using words as data. American Political Science Review, 97(2), 311-331. DOI: 10.1017/S0003055403000662
  2. Benoit, K., & Laver, M. (2012). The basic arithmetic of legislative decisions. Journal of Political Institutions and Political Economy, 1(1), 1-29. link
  3. Klemmensen, R., Hobolt, S. B., & Hansen, M. E. (2007). Estimating policy positions using political texts: A scaling approach. Electoral Studies, 26(4), 746-755. DOI: 10.1016/j.electstud.2007.07.003

Related methods

Referenced by

ScholarGateWordscores (Wordscores). Retrieved 2026-06-04 from https://scholargate.app/en/psychometrics/wordscores