Latent structureScale / measurement
Multilevel Measurement Invariance
Multilevel measurement invariance testing evaluates whether a latent construct is measured equivalently both within clusters (e.g., individuals within teams) and between clusters (e.g., team-level aggregates). It extends standard measurement invariance procedures to nested data structures commonly encountered in organisational, educational, and cross-cultural research.
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Sources
- Muthén, B. O., & Asparouhov, T. (2009). Multilevel factor analysis of class and student achievement components. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 34(2), 250–270. DOI: 10.3102/1076998608330560 ↗
- Ryu, E. (2014). Factorial invariance in multilevel confirmatory factor analysis. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 67(1), 172–194. DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.12014 ↗