Process / pipelineThermodynamic Phase Diagrams
Ellingham Diagram
The Ellingham Diagram, introduced by Harold Ellingham in 1944, is a graphical representation of the Gibbs free energy change for oxide formation and reduction as a function of temperature. It is an essential tool for predicting the thermodynamic feasibility of ore reduction and selecting appropriate reducing agents and temperatures for smelting and roasting operations.
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Sources
- Ellingham, H. J. T. (1944). Reducibility of oxides and sulfides. Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry, 63(5), 125-160. DOI: 10.1002/jctb.5000630501 ↗
- Richardson, F. D. (2007). Physical chemistry of melts in metallurgy (Vol. 2). Academic Press. link ↗