Process / pipelineThermodynamic Phase Diagrams

Ellingham Diagram

The Ellingham Diagram, introduced by Harold Ellingham in 1944, is a graphical representation of the Gibbs free energy change for oxide formation and reduction as a function of temperature. It is an essential tool for predicting the thermodynamic feasibility of ore reduction and selecting appropriate reducing agents and temperatures for smelting and roasting operations.

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Sources

  1. Ellingham, H. J. T. (1944). Reducibility of oxides and sulfides. Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry, 63(5), 125-160. DOI: 10.1002/jctb.5000630501
  2. Richardson, F. D. (2007). Physical chemistry of melts in metallurgy (Vol. 2). Academic Press. link

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Referenced by

ScholarGateEllingham Diagram (Ellingham Diagram for Ore Reduction). Retrieved 2026-06-04 from https://scholargate.app/en/mining-engineering/ellingham-diagram