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Toxic Leadership Scale/Evidence
Method evidence record

Toxic Leadership Scale

The Toxic Leadership Scale (TLS) is a 16-item instrument measuring destructive leadership behaviors including abusive supervision, narcissism, and authoritarian control. Developed by Einarsen, Aasland, and Skogstad in 2007, the TLS identifies harmful leadership behaviors that undermine organizational effectiveness and employee well-being.

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Source record

Citations copied verbatim from the method’s source record. No claim-level verification is inferred from them.

Toxic Leadership Scale (TLS)
Taxonomic method record · process-pipeline / organizational-behavior
  • Einarsen, S., Aasland, M. S., & Skogstad, A. (2007). Destructive leadership behaviour: A definition and conceptual model. Leadership Quarterly, 18(3), 207-216. · DOI 10.1016/j.leaqua.2007.03.002
  • Shaw, J. B., Erickson, A., & Harvey, M. (2011). A method for measuring destructive leadership and identifying types of destructive leaders in organizations. Leadership Quarterly, 22(4), 575-590. · DOI 10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.05.001
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Related methods

Generated from the method graph and shown as machine-suggested relations — no evidence claim is inferred.

Taxonomic bucketAuthentic Leadership Scalemachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyEmployee Engagement Surveymachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Taxonomic bucketEthical Leadership Scalemachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyOrganizational Trust Scalemachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.

Evidence status

Sources recorded, not reviewed

Bibliographic sources are present. Claim-level evidence review has not been performed.

Sources

2 recorded citations, copied from the method source record.

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