Process / pipelineClinical / epidemiology
Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT)
A randomized clinical trial (RCT) is an experimental study design in which participants are randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group, then followed prospectively to compare outcomes. Random allocation is the defining feature: it distributes known and unknown confounders across groups by chance, making the RCT the strongest individual study design for establishing causal efficacy of a treatment or intervention under controlled conditions.
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Sources
- Friedman, L. M., Furberg, C. D., DeMets, D. L., Reboussin, D. M., & Granger, C. B. (2015). Fundamentals of Clinical Trials (5th ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-3319185385
- Schulz, K. F., Altman, D. G., & Moher, D. (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. BMJ, 340, c332. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.c332 ↗
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Adaptive Phase III clinical trialAdaptive Randomized Clinical TrialBayesian Phase III Clinical TrialBayesian Randomized Clinical TrialCase-control studyCohort StudyCross-sectional epidemiological studyKaplan-Meier AnalysisMatched Phase II clinical trialMatched Randomized Clinical TrialMulticenter cohort studyMulticenter phase II clinical trialMulticenter Phase III Clinical TrialMulticenter Phase IV StudyMulticenter Randomized Clinical TrialPhase I Clinical TrialPhase II clinical trialPhase III clinical trialPhase IV studyPragmatic phase II clinical trialPragmatic randomized clinical trialProspective Case-Control StudyProspective Cohort StudyProspective Diagnostic Accuracy StudyProspective Phase IV StudyProspective Randomized Clinical TrialProspective Survival AnalysisRetrospective phase III clinical trialRisk-adjusted Phase I clinical trialRisk-adjusted Phase III clinical trial