Regression modelEconometrics / time series

Panel Fixed Effects Model

The panel fixed effects (FE) model controls for all time-invariant, unit-specific unobserved heterogeneity by absorbing it into individual intercepts. By sweeping out unit means through the within transformation, FE yields unbiased estimates of the effect of time-varying regressors even when omitted unit-level confounders are correlated with those regressors.

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Sources

  1. Wooldridge, J. M. (2010). Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data (2nd ed.). MIT Press. ISBN: 978-0262232586
  2. Baltagi, B. H. (2021). Econometric Analysis of Panel Data (6th ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-3030534875

Related methods

Referenced by

ScholarGatePanel Fixed Effects Model (Panel Data Fixed Effects Regression Model). Retrieved 2026-06-04 from https://scholargate.app/en/econometrics/panel-fixed-effects-model