Udforsk videnskaben efter metode, felt og evidens.

DRSA

DRSA (Dominance-Based Rough Set Approach) is a sorting multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Greco, S. Matarazzo, B. Słowiński, R. in 2001. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde2001

pharmacology

Drug Attitude Inventory

The Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI) is a brief self-report measure developed by Hogan, Awad, and Eastwood in 1983 to assess attitudes toward medication and predicted medication compliance in schizophrenia and other psychiatric conditions. The original 30-item version (DAI-30) and the widely used 10-item short form (DAI-1

1 kilde1983

Dwarf Mongoose Optimization

The Dwarf Mongoose Optimization (DMO) algorithm is a nature-inspired metaheuristic introduced by Agushaka et al. in 2022, based on the behavioral patterns of dwarf mongoose colonies. Dwarf mongooses exhibit sophisticated group dynamics including sentry behavior (surveillance and exploration), pup care (mentoring), and

1 kilde2022

Dynamic Programming

Dynamic Programming (DP) is an exact optimization technique introduced by Richard Bellman in 1957 for solving multi-stage decision problems. It decomposes a complex problem into simpler, overlapping subproblems, solves each subproblem once, and stores the results to avoid redundant computation. Grounded in the Principl

1 kilde1957

Dynamic Time Warping

Dynamic Time Warping is a distance metric for comparing time series or sequential data that may vary in length or speed. Introduced by Hideki Sakoe and Seibi Chiba in 1978 for speech recognition, DTW measures the minimal cumulative distance needed to align two sequences using dynamic programming. Unlike fixed-distance

2 kilder1978

operations research

Economic Order Quantity

The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) is a classic deterministic inventory model that identifies the order quantity minimizing the sum of annual ordering and holding costs. Introduced by Ford W. Harris in 1913 and later popularized by R. H. Wilson, EOQ assumes constant demand, fixed cost parameters, and instantaneous reple

1 kilde1913

environmental psychology

ECS

The Environmental Concern Scale (ECS) measures the degree to which individuals worry about and feel affected by environmental problems, pollution, and ecological degradation. Originally developed by Weigel and Weigel (1978), the ECS focuses on emotional and affective responses to environmental issues—anxiety, worry, an

2 kilder1978

EDAS

EDAS (Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Keshavarz Ghorabaee, M., Zavadskas, E. K., Olfat, L., Turskis, Z. in 2015. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde2015

ELECTRE

ELECTRE (ELECTRE I — ELimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalité) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Roy, B. in 1968. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kildeadvanced1968

ELECTRE-I

ELECTRE-I (ELECTRE I — ELimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalité I (kernel / choice)) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Roy, B. in 1968. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde1968

ELECTRE-II

ELECTRE-II (ELECTRE II — ELimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalité II (complete ranking)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Roy, B., Bertier, P. in 1973. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde1973

ELECTRE-III

ELECTRE-III (ELECTRE III — ELimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalité III (pseudo-criteria, fuzzy outranking)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Roy, B. in 1978. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde1978

ELECTRE-IV

ELECTRE-IV (ELECTRE IV — ELimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalité IV (no criterion weights)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Roy, B., Hugonnard, J. C. in 1982. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde1982

ELECTRE-TRI

ELECTRE-TRI (Outranking-Based Sorting Method with Boundary Profiles (also ELECTRE TRI-B)) is a sorting multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yu, W. in 1992. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde1992

ELECTRE-TRI-B

ELECTRE-TRI-B (ELECTRE TRI-B — Sorting with central reference profiles (boundary variant)) is a sorting multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yu, W. in 1992. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde1992

ELECTRE-TRI-C

ELECTRE-TRI-C (ELECTRE Tri with Central Reference Profiles) is a sorting multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Almeida-Dias, J. Figueira, J. R. Roy, B. in 2010. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde2010

Elo Rating

The Elo Rating System is a pairwise comparison-based ranking method developed by Hungarian-American physicist and chess master Arpad Elo and formally published in 1978. Originally designed to assess the relative skill levels of chess players, it assigns each competitor a numerical rating that rises or falls after each

1 kilde1978

organizational behavior

Emotional Exhaustion Scale

The Emotional Exhaustion subscale is one of three core dimensions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), developed by Maslach and Jackson in 1981. Emotional exhaustion represents the first stage of burnout, characterized by feeling emotionally drained, fatigued, and depleted as a result of work. The nine-item subscale

2 kilder1981

electrical engineering

Energy Storage Dispatch Optimization

Energy storage dispatch optimization determines when to charge and discharge battery systems to maximize revenue, minimize grid stress, or support renewable integration. With falling battery costs and increasing variable renewable generation, storage dispatch has become critical for balancing supply and demand in moder

3 kilder2000

ENTROPY

ENTROPY (Shannon Entropy Weighting Method) is a weight objective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Shannon, C. E. in 1948. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde1948

Epsilon-Based Measure DEA

Epsilon-Based Measure DEA (EBM-DEA) is a non-parametric efficiency analysis method that evaluates how efficiently organizational units convert inputs into outputs. Unlike simple ratio-based methods, EBM accounts for slacks (unused inputs, unmet outputs) proportionally in both input and output dimensions. It produces a

2 kilder2010

operations research

Erlang C Model

The Erlang C model is a steady-state queueing formula that determines the probability a customer must wait before being served in a system with c parallel servers, Poisson arrivals at rate lambda, and exponentially distributed service times. Originally developed by Danish engineer Agner Krarup Erlang in the early twent

1 kilde1981

ERVD

ERVD (Election based on Relative Value Distances) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Shyur, H. J., Yin, L., Shih, H. S., Cheng, C. B. in 2015. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde2015

EVAMIX

EVAMIX (EVAluation of MIXed data) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Voogd, H. in 1983. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde1983

game theory

Evolutionary Game Theory

Evolutionary Game Theory applies game-theoretic reasoning to biological evolution and social dynamics, where populations of agents with different strategies interact repeatedly. Introduced by John Maynard Smith and George Price in 1973, the framework uses the concept of Evolutionarily Stable Strategies (ESS) to identif

2 kilder1973

Evolutionary Strategy

CMA-ES, short for Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy, is a modern derivative-free optimizer for continuous black-box functions introduced by Hansen and Ostermeier in 2001. It maintains a population of candidate solutions drawn from a multivariate normal distribution and iteratively updates the distribution

2 kilder2001

sport psychology

Exercise Addiction Inventory

The EAI is a 6-item questionnaire measuring the risk of exercise addiction or exercise dependence—the compulsive continuation of exercise despite negative consequences and in response to withdrawal anxiety. Developed by Terry, Szabo, and Griffiths in 2004, the EAI is a brief, practical screening tool for identifying at

2 kilder2004

EXPROM-I

EXPROM-I (EXPROM I — Extended PROMETHEE (partial)) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Diakoulaki, D., Koumoutsos, N. in 1991. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde1991

EXPROM-II

EXPROM-II (EXPROM II — Total ranking variant) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Diakoulaki, D., Koumoutsos, N. in 1991. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde1991

F-LMAW

F-LMAW (Fuzzy Logarithm Methodology of Additive Weights (TFN)) is a weight subjective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Božanić, D., Pamučar, D., Milić, A., Marinković, D., Komazec, N. in 2021 crisp; 2022 variant applicator. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria

1 kilde2021

operations management

Facility Layout (SLP)

Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) is a structured methodology developed by Richard Muther in the 1960s–1970s for designing optimal plant and facility layouts. The approach systematizes the consideration of material flow, personnel movement, equipment relationships, and space constraints to minimize material handling cos

2 kilder1973

FARE

FARE (Factor Relationship weighting method) is a weight objective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Žižović, M., Pamucar, D., Marinkovic, D., Žižović, M. M. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FDOSM

FDOSM (Fuzzy Decision by Opinion Score Method) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Mohammed, K. I. Zaidan, A. A. Zaidan, B. B. Albahri, O. S. Albahri, A. S. Alsalem, M. A. in 2019. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible

1 kilde2019

horticulture

Fertigation Scheduling

Fertigation scheduling integrates irrigation and nutrient delivery to optimize plant nutrition while minimizing waste and environmental impact. By applying fertilizers through drip or sprinkler systems at precise times and rates matched to plant development stage and soil water availability, growers can improve nutrien

2 kilder1980

FF-ARAS

FF-ARAS (Fermatean extension of FF-ARAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FF-COCOSO

FF-COCOSO (FF-CoCoSo — Fermatean extension of FF-COCOSO) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FF-CODAS

FF-CODAS (Fermatean extension of FF-CODAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FF-COPRAS

FF-COPRAS (Fermatean extension of FF-COPRAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FF-EDAS

FF-EDAS (Fermatean extension of FF-EDAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FF-GRA

FF-GRA (Fermatean extension of FF-GRA) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FF-MABAC

FF-MABAC (Fermatean extension of FF-MABAC) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FF-MARCOS

FF-MARCOS (Fermatean extension of FF-MARCOS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FF-MOORA

FF-MOORA (Fermatean extension of FF-MOORA) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FF-PROMETHEE

FF-PROMETHEE (2-tuple Linguistic Fermatean Fuzzy PROMETHEE (Akram-Bibi 2023)) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Akram, M., Bibi, R. in 1985 crisp; 2023 variant applicator. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible resu

1 kilde1985

FF-SAW

FF-SAW (Fermatean extension of FF-SAW) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FF-TODIM

FF-TODIM (Fermatean extension of FF-TODIM) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FF-TOPSIS

FF-TOPSIS (Fermatean extension of FF-TOPSIS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FF-VIKOR

FF-VIKOR (Fermatean extension of FF-VIKOR) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FF-WASPAS

FF-WASPAS (Fermatean extension of FF-WASPAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

FF-WPM

FF-WPM (Fermatean extension of FF-WPM) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Senapati, T. Yager, R. R. in 2020. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

Firefly Algorithm

The Firefly Algorithm (FA), introduced by Xin-She Yang in 2008 and formally published in 2010, is a nature-inspired swarm metaheuristic that models the bioluminescent attraction behaviour of fireflies. Each candidate solution is a firefly whose brightness represents its objective-function value; dimmer fireflies move t

2 kilder2008

game theory

First-Price Auction

A first-price auction is a sealed-bid mechanism where all participants submit bids simultaneously without knowing others' bids. The highest bidder wins and pays their own bid (the price they offered). Systematically analyzed by William Vickrey in 1961, first-price auctions require bidders to balance between winning and

2 kilder1961

FLOWSORT

FLOWSORT (Flow-Based Sorting Method) is a sorting multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Nemery, P. Lamboray, C. in 2008. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde2008

FMEA

FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Stamatis, D. H. in 1995. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde1995

operations research

Ford-Fulkerson Algorithm

The Ford-Fulkerson Algorithm, developed by Lester R. Ford and Delbert R. Fulkerson in 1956, is a foundational method for computing the maximum flow in a flow network. It finds the maximum amount of flow that can be sent from a source to a sink through a directed graph with capacity constraints on edges.

2 kilder1956

forestry

Forest Inventory Sampling

Forest inventory sampling is a systematic approach to estimate forest characteristics such as timber volume, species composition, and biomass by surveying a representative subset of trees rather than conducting exhaustive censuses. Developed by Loetsch and colleagues in the 1970s, the method applies statistical samplin

4 kilder1973

soft computing

Formal Concept Analysis

Formal concept analysis derives a hierarchy of concepts from a simple table of which objects have which attributes. Founded by Rudolf Wille in 1982 on lattice theory, it pairs each set of objects with the attributes they all share to form 'formal concepts', then organizes these into a concept lattice — a mathematically

2 kilder1982

mindfulness psychology

Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory

The Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI) is a 30-item self-report questionnaire measuring trait mindfulness, with a widely used 14-item short form (FMI-14). Developed by Buchheld, Grossman, and Walach in 2001 and originally validated in insight meditation practitioners, the FMI has become a standard measure in mindfuln

1 kilde2001

FUCA

FUCA (Flexible and Universal Compromise Analysis) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Raveh, A. in 2000. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 kilde2000