Customer Loyalty Scale
The Customer Loyalty Scale (CLS) measures customer loyalty as a combination of attitudinal commitment and behavioral intention. Developed by Dick and Basu (1994), the scale distinguishes between behavioral loyalty (repeat purchases) and attitudinal loyalty (emotional commitment), recognizing that true loyalty involves both. CLS captures multiple dimensions of loyalty including repurchase intention, word-of-mouth advocacy, and resistance to competitive offerings. The instrument is widely used in marketing research to predict customer lifetime value and identify at-risk customers.
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- Dick, A. S., & Basu, K. (1994). Customer Loyalty: Toward an Integrated Conceptual Framework. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 22(2), 99-113. · DOI 10.1177/0092070394222001
- Hennig-Thurau, T., Langer, M. F., & Hansen, U. (2002). Modeling and Managing Student Loyalty: An Approach Based on the Concept of Relationship Quality. Journal of Service Research, 4(4), 331-344. · DOI 10.1177/109467050134006
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