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| Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) Enhedsrødtest× | Kointegrationstest (Johansen / Engle-Granger)× | KPSS-stationaritetstest× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fagområde | Økonometri | Økonometri | Økonometri |
| Familie | Regression model | Regression model | Regression model |
| Oprindelsesår≠ | 1979 | 1988 | 1992 |
| Ophavsperson≠ | David A. Dickey & Wayne A. Fuller | Engle & Granger (1987); Johansen (1988) | Kwiatkowski, Phillips, Schmidt & Shin |
| Type≠ | Unit-root test for stationarity | Time-series cointegration test | Stationarity test (reverse of unit-root tests) |
| Oprindelig kilde≠ | Dickey, D. A., & Fuller, W. A. (1979). Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(366a), 427–431. DOI ↗ | Johansen, S. (1988). Statistical Analysis of Cointegration Vectors. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 12(2-3), 231-254. DOI ↗ | Kwiatkowski, D., Phillips, P. C. B., Schmidt, P., & Shin, Y. (1992). Testing the null hypothesis of stationarity against the alternative of a unit root. Journal of Econometrics, 54(1–3), 159–178. DOI ↗ |
| Aliasser≠ | ADF test, Dickey-Fuller test, unit root test, Genişletilmiş Dickey-Fuller testi | Johansen cointegration test, Engle-Granger cointegration test, long-run equilibrium test, Eşbütünleşme Testi (Johansen/Engle-Granger) | Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin test, stationarity test, KPSS durağanlık testi |
| Relaterede≠ | 4 | 5 | 4 |
| Resumé≠ | The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test is the most widely used test for a unit root — that is, for whether a time series is non-stationary and must be differenced before modelling. Introduced by David Dickey and Wayne Fuller in 1979 and extended by Said and Dickey in 1984 to series with higher-order autocorrelation, it regresses the change in the series on its lagged level plus lagged differences and asks whether the lagged-level coefficient is zero. | The cointegration test examines whether non-stationary time series that each contain a unit root share a stable long-run equilibrium relationship. The single-equation residual approach was introduced by Engle and Granger (1987) and the system-based rank approach by Johansen (1988). | The KPSS test, introduced by Kwiatkowski, Phillips, Schmidt and Shin in 1992, tests the null hypothesis that a series is stationary against the alternative that it contains a unit root — the reverse of the ADF and Phillips-Perron tests. By flipping the burden of proof, it is designed to be used alongside unit-root tests so that the two can confirm one another and expose ambiguous, borderline cases. |
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