Compara mètodes

	Mètode Comparatiu	Lingüística de Corpus	Dialectometria	Glotocronologia
Camp	Lingüística	Lingüística	Lingüística	Lingüística
Família	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Any d'origen	1786	1980	1973	1950
Autor original	Sir William Jones	John Sinclair	Jean Seguy	Morris Swadesh
Tipus	Empirical process pipeline	Empirical process pipeline	Empirical process pipeline	Empirical process pipeline
Font seminal	Hock, H. H. (1991). Principles of Historical Linguistics (2nd ed.). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.	Sinclair, J. M. (1991). Corpus, Concordance, Collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.	Seguy, J. (1973). La dialectométrie dans l'étude de l'espace linguistique. Revue de Linguistique Romane, 37, 1-24.	Swadesh, M. (1950). Salish internal relationships. International Journal of American Linguistics, 16(3), 157-167.
Àlies	Historical Comparative Linguistics, Genetic Linguistics	Corpus Analysis, Corpora Studies	Linguistic Distance Measurement, Quantitative Dialect Analysis	Lexicostatistics, Glottochronological Dating
Relacionats	4	1	1	2
Resum	The Comparative Method is a foundational technique in historical linguistics for reconstructing ancestral languages and establishing genetic relationships between related languages. Pioneered by Sir William Jones in 1786, it systematically compares phonological, morphological, and lexical features across languages to identify regular sound correspondences and trace their shared origins. This method underpins modern historical linguistics and has been essential for understanding language families worldwide.	Corpus Linguistics is the study of language based on large, representative collections of texts (corpora) processed by computer. Pioneered by John Sinclair and others, the method uses statistical analysis, concordancing, and computational tools to examine patterns of actual language use. Corpus linguistics has transformed our understanding of English and other languages, revealing frequency patterns, collocation preferences, and register variation that were previously hidden. It serves theoretical linguistics, applied language teaching, and natural language processing.	Dialectometry is a quantitative method for measuring linguistic distances between dialects or languages using objective metrics applied to phonological, lexical, or phonetic data. Pioneered by Jean Seguy in 1973, dialectometry compares word lists, pronunciations, or phonetic transcriptions across speech varieties to calculate similarity scores. The resulting distance matrices and dendrograms reveal patterns of dialect relatedness and geographic or social clustering. This method complements traditional dialectology and contributes to historical linguistics and sociolinguistics.	Glottochronology, or lexicostatistics, is a quantitative method in historical linguistics that estimates the time of divergence between related languages based on the proportion of shared cognates in their basic vocabularies. Developed by Morris Swadesh in 1950, the method assumes that core vocabulary items change at a relatively constant rate over time, allowing linguists to calculate a 'time depth'—how long ago two languages shared a common ancestor. Though controversial due to its restrictive assumptions, glottochronology provides rough temporal estimates when archaeological or written records are unavailable.