方法对比
并排查看您选择的方法；存在差异的行会高亮显示。
| 健康经济学中的支付意愿 (WTP)× | 生命质量调整年 (QALY)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 卫生经济学 | 卫生经济学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1980s | 1985 |
| 提出者≠ | Carson & Louviere (stated preference/contingent valuation methods) | Alan Williams (Health Economics Research Centre, Oxford University) |
| 类型 | Method | Method |
| 开创性文献≠ | Carson, R. T., & Louviere, J. J. (2011). A Common Nomenclature for Stated Choice Studies. In S. Hess & A. Daly (Eds.), Choice Modelling: The State of the Art and the State of Practice. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. link ↗ | Kind, P. (1989). The EuroQol instrument: an index of health-related quality of life. In B. Teeling Smith (Ed.), Measuring health: a practical approach. Chichester: Wiley. link ↗ |
| 别名≠ | WTP, contingent valuation, stated preference method | QALY, health utility measure |
| 相关 | 5 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | Willingness to pay (WTP) is an economic valuation method that elicits what individuals or society are willing to spend for a health benefit or to avoid a health risk. Rooted in contingent valuation (Carson & Louviere, 1980s), WTP is used to monetize health outcomes for cost-benefit analysis and to infer implicit cost-effectiveness thresholds from actual healthcare spending patterns. Unlike revealed preference (observing actual spending behavior), WTP uses stated preferences—surveys asking respondents: 'How much would you pay for this health improvement?' | A QALY measures health benefit as utility weight (0 = death, 1 = perfect health) multiplied by time lived. Developed by Alan Williams in 1985, QALYs enable comparison of disparate health interventions on a common metric. Used globally by health technology assessment bodies—NICE (UK), HAS (France), CADTH (Canada), WHO—to decide which treatments deserve public funding. |
| ScholarGate数据集 ↗ |
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