方法对比

	时间序列微生物组多样性分析	Single-cell RNA-seq analysis
领域	生物信息学	生物信息学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2010s (formalized with 16S amplicon sequencing era; expanded ~2012–2020)	2009 (first scRNA-seq by Tang et al.); widely adopted 2015–2016
提出者	Developed iteratively through the microbiome research community; key contributions from Susan Holmes, Rob Knight, and colleagues	Azim Surani, Barbara Treutlein, and the Regev/McCarroll groups (foundational droplet-based methods ~2015)
类型	Longitudinal observational / bioinformatics pipeline	High-throughput single-cell transcriptomic profiling pipeline
开创性文献	Callahan, B. J., McMurdie, P. J., Rosen, M. J., Han, A. W., Johnson, A. J. A., & Holmes, S. P. (2016). DADA2: High-resolution sample inference from Illumina amplicon data. Nature Methods, 13(7), 581–583.	Satija, R., Farrell, J. A., Gennert, D., Schier, A. F., & Regev, A. (2015). Spatial reconstruction of single-cell gene expression data. Nature Biotechnology, 33(5), 495–502.
别名	longitudinal microbiome diversity analysis, temporal microbiome analysis, repeated-measures microbiome diversity, time-course microbiome analysis	scRNA-seq, single-cell transcriptomics, scRNAseq analysis, single-cell gene expression profiling
相关	5	5
摘要	Time-series microbiome diversity analysis tracks how the richness, evenness, and community composition of microbial communities change across multiple time points within the same subjects. By combining standard diversity metrics with longitudinal statistical models, it separates true temporal dynamics from inter-individual variation, identifying when and how perturbations such as diet changes, antibiotic treatment, or disease onset reshape the microbiome.	Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis characterises gene expression at the resolution of individual cells, enabling discovery of cell types, states, and transitions that are invisible in bulk transcriptomics. Starting from raw sequencing reads, the workflow produces a cell-by-gene count matrix and proceeds through quality control, normalisation, dimensionality reduction, unsupervised clustering, cell-type annotation, and a range of downstream analyses such as trajectory inference and differential expression between cell populations.