方法对比

	电话辅助深度访谈	结构化访谈
领域	调查方法论	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1980s–1990s (widespread adoption)	1940s–1950s
提出者	Developed from qualitative interview traditions; telephone variant documented from the 1980s onward	Survey research tradition; formalized by Campbell, Katona, and Kahn in mid-20th century
类型	Qualitative data collection technique	Quantitative / mixed data collection technique
开创性文献	Sturges, J. E., & Hanrahan, K. J. (2004). Comparing telephone and face-to-face qualitative interviewing: A research note. Qualitative Research, 4(1), 107–118.	Fontana, A., & Frey, J. H. (2000). The interview: From structured questions to negotiated text. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of Qualitative Research (2nd ed., pp. 645–672). Sage.
别名	telephone in-depth interview, phone-based qualitative interview, TIDI, telephone qualitative interview	standardized interview, formal interview, schedule-based interview, fixed-format interview
相关	3	4
摘要	A telephone-assisted in-depth interview is a qualitative data collection method in which a researcher conducts a lengthy, open-ended, exploratory conversation with a participant via telephone. It preserves the depth and flexibility of face-to-face in-depth interviewing while overcoming geographic and mobility barriers, making it particularly useful when participants are dispersed, housebound, or when travel is impractical.	A structured interview is a data collection technique in which every participant is asked exactly the same pre-specified questions in the same order, using standardized wording. Because the interview schedule is fixed, responses across participants are directly comparable, enabling quantitative aggregation and statistical analysis. It sits at the most standardized end of the interview continuum, between the self-administered questionnaire and the semi-structured interview.