方法对比

	SPJ Framework	SAPROF：保护因素暴力风险结构化评估
领域	司法心理学	司法心理学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2003	2012
提出者	Stephen D. Hart, Peter R. Kropp, David R. Laws	Vivienne de Vogel, Corine de Ruiter, Yvonne Bouman, Merike de Vries Robbé
类型	Clinician-Synthesized	Clinician-rated
开创性文献	Hart, S. D., Kropp, P. R., & Laws, D. R. (Eds.). (2003). Sexual deviance: Theory, assessment, and treatment. Guilford Press.	de Vogel, V., de Ruiter, C., Bouman, Y., & de Vries Robbé, M. (2012). SAPROF: Structured Assessment of Protective Factors for violence risk (Version 3). Forum Educatief.
别名	SPJ, Structured Professional Judgment, SPJ Framework	SAPROF, de Vogel SAPROF
相关	4	4
摘要	The Structured Professional Judgment (SPJ) framework represents a contemporary approach to forensic risk assessment that synthesizes clinical judgment with empirical evidence of risk factors. Rather than producing a numerical score, SPJ guides clinicians through systematic evaluation of case-specific evidence to arrive at a structured, transparent categorical risk judgment. SPJ has become the preferred methodology in many forensic settings globally and underlies instruments such as the HCR-20v3 (violence risk) and sexual offender assessment protocols.	The Structured Assessment of Protective Factors for Violence Risk (SAPROF) is a 17-item structured professional judgment tool developed by de Vogel, de Ruiter, Bouman, and colleagues (2012) to identify protective factors and strengths in individuals undergoing violence risk assessment. It complements risk assessment instruments (e.g., HCR-20v3) by systematically evaluating resilience, social support, motivation, and positive functioning—domains that mitigate violence risk and inform rehabilitation potential.