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| 简明信度分析× | 项目反应理论 (IRT)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 心理测量学 | 心理测量学 |
| 方法族 | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| 起源年份≠ | 1990s–2000s | 1952–1968 |
| 提出者≠ | Conventional practice; codified notably by Smith, McCarthy & Anderson (2000) and Stanton et al. (2002) | Frederic M. Lord (and Allan Birnbaum for the 2PL/3PL models) |
| 类型≠ | Scale development / psychometric evaluation | Probabilistic measurement model |
| 开创性文献≠ | Stanton, J. M., Sinar, E. F., Balzer, W. K. & Smith, P. C. (2002). Issues and strategies for reducing the length of self-report scales. Personnel Psychology, 55(1), 167–194. DOI ↗ | Lord, F. M. & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores. Addison-Wesley. link ↗ |
| 别名 | abbreviated scale reliability, short-form validation, scale shortening, item reduction reliability | IRT, latent trait theory, item characteristic curve theory, modern test theory |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | Short-form reliability analysis evaluates whether an abbreviated version of a psychological scale maintains acceptable internal consistency, validity, and structural integrity after items are removed. It is used in survey and assessment research to create briefer instruments that reduce respondent burden without sacrificing measurement quality. | Item response theory models the probability that a respondent answers an item correctly (or endorses it) as a function of the respondent's latent trait level and the item's own statistical properties — difficulty, discrimination, and guessing. Unlike classical test theory, IRT places persons and items on the same scale, yielding measurement that is sample-independent for items and test-independent for persons. |
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