方法对比
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| 结构方程模型 (SEM)× | 探索性因子分析（EFA）× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 统计学 | 统计学 |
| 方法族 | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| 起源年份≠ | 1970 | — |
| 提出者≠ | Karl Jöreskog (LISREL framework, 1970s) | — |
| 类型≠ | Latent variable / causal modeling | Latent variable / dimension reduction |
| 开创性文献≠ | Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN: 978-1473756540 | Fabrigar, L. R., Wegener, D. T., MacCallum, R. C. & Strahan, E. J. (1999). Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research. Psychological Methods, 4(3), 272–299. DOI ↗ |
| 别名≠ | Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi (SEM), structural equation modelling, covariance structure analysis, latent variable modeling | common factor analysis, açımlayıcı faktör analizi, factor analysis |
| 相关≠ | 5 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | Structural equation modeling is a multivariate statistical framework that simultaneously estimates a measurement model — relating observed indicators to latent constructs — and a structural model specifying directional or reciprocal relationships among those constructs. Rooted in the LISREL tradition developed by Karl Jöreskog in the 1970s, SEM is the standard tool for testing complex theoretical models in the social, behavioural, and management sciences. | Exploratory factor analysis reduces a large set of observed variables into a smaller number of latent common factors. It is widely used in scale development and psychometrics to uncover the dimensional structure that underlies a set of correlated items, without specifying that structure in advance. |
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