方法对比
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| 根本原因分析× | 故障树分析 (FTA)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 质量管理 | 可靠性 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1986 | 1981 |
| 提出者≠ | Kaoru Ishikawa | Vesely et al. (US NRC Fault Tree Handbook) |
| 类型≠ | Structured causal-inference tool | Deductive top-down failure analysis |
| 开创性文献≠ | Ishikawa, K. (1986). Guide to Quality Control (2nd ed.). Asian Productivity Organization. ISBN: 978-92-833-1036-7 | Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. (1981). Fault Tree Handbook (NUREG-0492). U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. link ↗ |
| 别名 | Cause-and-Effect Analysis, Fishbone Analysis, Ishikawa Diagram, Kök Neden Analizi | FTA, Fault Tree Method, Top-Down Reliability Analysis, Hata Ağacı Analizi |
| 相关 | 3 | 3 |
| 摘要≠ | Root Cause Analysis (RCA) is a structured, systematic method for identifying the fundamental causes of defects, failures, or undesirable outcomes rather than treating surface-level symptoms. Popularised by Japanese quality engineer Kaoru Ishikawa in the 1960s–1980s, and formally codified in his 1986 Guide to Quality Control, RCA combines the Ishikawa (fishbone) diagram with the iterative 5 Whys questioning technique to trace causal chains back to their origin. | Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is a top-down, deductive reliability method that begins with an undesired top-level failure event and systematically traces backward through chains of contributing causes using Boolean logic gates (AND, OR). First formalized by Watson at Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1961 and later standardized by Vesely, Goldberg, Roberts, and Haasl in the landmark 1981 NRC Fault Tree Handbook, FTA has become a cornerstone of quantitative risk assessment in nuclear, aerospace, and industrial safety engineering. |
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