方法对比

	稳健故障树分析	统计过程控制
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1980s–2000s (robustness extensions to classical FTA ca. 1961)	1924–1931
提出者	Extended from classical FTA (Watson, 1961; Bell Labs / U.S. Air Force); robustness extensions developed through reliability engineering and uncertainty quantification research from the 1980s onward	Walter A. Shewhart
类型	Quantitative reliability and safety analysis with uncertainty propagation	Process monitoring and quality control method
开创性文献	Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. (1981). Fault Tree Handbook. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, NUREG-0492.	Shewhart, W. A. (1931). Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product. Van Nostrand. ISBN: 978-0873890762
别名	Robust FTA, Uncertainty-aware FTA, FTA with interval analysis, Imprecise probability FTA	SPC, statistical quality control, process control charting, Shewhart control
相关	6	6
摘要	Robust Fault Tree Analysis (Robust FTA) extends classical fault tree analysis by explicitly representing and propagating uncertainty in component failure probabilities. Rather than assigning single point estimates to basic events, it uses probability distributions, interval bounds, or imprecise probabilities, then propagates these through the logical tree structure to obtain bounds or distributions on the top-event failure probability. This makes risk conclusions defensible under incomplete or variable data.	Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a data-driven quality method that uses statistical techniques — primarily control charts — to monitor a manufacturing or service process over time. By distinguishing natural process variation (common cause) from unusual, actionable variation (special cause), SPC enables practitioners to maintain processes in a stable, predictable state and to detect problems early, before defective output reaches customers.