方法对比

	稳健控制图	稳健过程能力分析
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1989–1997 (foundational period)	1990s–2000s
提出者	David M. Rocke; L. G. Tatum (key contributors)	Extended from classical PCA (Kane, 1986; Juran, 1974) via robust statistics (Huber, 1981); formalized for capability indices by Tong & Chen (1998) and Pearn & Kotz (1994)
类型	Statistical process monitoring technique	Quantitative quality engineering method
开创性文献	Tatum, L. G. (1997). Robust estimation of the process standard deviation for control charts. Technometrics, 39(2), 127–141.	Maravelakis, P. E., Bersimis, S., Panaretos, J., & Psarakis, S. (2004). Identifying the out of control variable in a multivariate control chart. Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods, 33(10), 2499–2510.
别名	robust Shewhart chart, outlier-resistant control chart, robust SPC chart, distribution-free control chart	Robust PCA, Robust Capability Indices, Outlier-Resistant Capability Analysis, Robust Cpk Analysis
相关	6	6
摘要	A robust control chart replaces the classical mean and standard deviation estimators in a Shewhart-style chart with resistant alternatives — such as the median and median absolute deviation (MAD) — so that a small fraction of outliers or non-normal process data cannot distort the control limits. The approach preserves the real-time monitoring logic of standard control charts while protecting against inflated or deflated limits caused by contaminated Phase I reference data.	Robust process capability analysis extends classical capability indices (Cp, Cpk, Ppk) by replacing the sample mean and standard deviation with robust location and scale estimators — such as the median, trimmed mean, MAD, or IQR-based spread — so that outliers and non-normal process distributions do not inflate or distort the capability estimate. The result is a more reliable assessment of whether a manufacturing or service process can consistently meet specification limits.