方法对比

	基于风险的根本原因分析	故障树分析 (FTA)
领域	实验设计	可靠性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1990s–2000s (risk-informed extension of classical RCA)	1981
提出者	Developed within safety and quality engineering communities; risk integration formalized through CCPS and ISO 31000 frameworks	Vesely et al. (US NRC Fault Tree Handbook)
类型	Hybrid risk-analytic investigation method	Deductive top-down failure analysis
开创性文献	Latino, R. J., & Latino, K. C. (2006). Root Cause Analysis: Improving Performance for Bottom-Line Results (3rd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN: 978-0849380815	Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. (1981). Fault Tree Handbook (NUREG-0492). U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
别名	Risk-based RCA, RBRCA, Risk-weighted root cause analysis, Risk-informed failure investigation	FTA, Fault Tree Method, Top-Down Reliability Analysis, Hata Ağacı Analizi
相关	6	3
摘要	Risk-based Root Cause Analysis (RBRCA) integrates classical root cause investigation with quantitative or semi-quantitative risk assessment to ensure that corrective actions are directed first at the causes that carry the highest probability and consequence of recurrence. Unlike standard RCA, which identifies root causes without systematically ranking their hazard potential, RBRCA assigns risk scores to each identified cause, allowing organizations to allocate limited remediation resources where they can reduce overall risk most efficiently.	Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is a top-down, deductive reliability method that begins with an undesired top-level failure event and systematically traces backward through chains of contributing causes using Boolean logic gates (AND, OR). First formalized by Watson at Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1961 and later standardized by Vesely, Goldberg, Roberts, and Haasl in the landmark 1981 NRC Fault Tree Handbook, FTA has become a cornerstone of quantitative risk assessment in nuclear, aerospace, and industrial safety engineering.