方法对比

	基于风险的响应面方法	失效模式与影响分析 (FMEA)
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1990s–2000s (risk-based extensions)	1949 (military); widespread industrial adoption 1970s–1980s
提出者	Builds on Box & Wilson (1951) RSM; risk integration formalized in engineering reliability literature from the 1990s onward	U.S. Military / NASA (formalized by MIL-P-1629, 1949)
类型	Experimental optimization with probabilistic risk constraints	Proactive risk analysis technique
开创性文献	Myers, R. H., Montgomery, D. C., & Anderson-Cook, C. M. (2009). Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0470174463	Stamatis, D. H. (2003). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA from Theory to Execution (2nd ed.). ASQ Quality Press. ISBN: 978-0873895989
别名	Risk-based RSM, reliability-based RSM, probabilistic RSM, risk-integrated response surface methodology	FMEA, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, FMECA, Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis
相关	5	6
摘要	Risk-based Response Surface Methodology (Risk-based RSM) extends classical RSM by embedding probabilistic risk or reliability constraints into the experimental optimization process. Rather than seeking a single optimal point under deterministic conditions, it identifies factor settings that achieve performance goals while keeping the probability of failure or unacceptable outcomes below a specified threshold — making it especially valuable in safety-critical and high-variability engineering contexts.	Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a structured, proactive risk management technique used to identify potential failure modes in a system, process, or product design, evaluate their consequences, and prioritize corrective actions before failures occur. Originally developed for the U.S. military in 1949 and later adopted by NASA, automotive, and manufacturing industries, FMEA is now a cornerstone quality-engineering tool embedded in standards such as AIAG-VDA and ISO 9001-aligned processes.