方法对比

	基于风险的故障树分析	统计过程控制
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1961 (FTA origin); risk-based integration formalised 1975–1981	1924–1931
提出者	H.A. Watson (Bell Labs) and developed further by Boeing/U.S. Air Force; risk-based extension via NRC probabilistic risk assessment programs	Walter A. Shewhart
类型	Quantitative safety and reliability analysis	Process monitoring and quality control method
开创性文献	Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. (1981). Fault Tree Handbook. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, NUREG-0492.	Shewhart, W. A. (1931). Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product. Van Nostrand. ISBN: 978-0873890762
别名	RB-FTA, risk-informed FTA, quantitative fault tree analysis, probabilistic fault tree analysis	SPC, statistical quality control, process control charting, Shewhart control
相关	6	6
摘要	Risk-based fault tree analysis (RB-FTA) combines classical fault tree analysis with explicit quantitative risk assessment. Starting from an undesired top event, the analyst decomposes it into contributing causes using AND/OR logic gates, assigns failure probabilities to basic events from reliability databases or historical data, and then propagates those probabilities through the tree to compute top-event likelihood. The result is expressed as risk — probability weighted by consequence severity — enabling prioritisation of safety interventions by their actual risk reduction impact.	Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a data-driven quality method that uses statistical techniques — primarily control charts — to monitor a manufacturing or service process over time. By distinguishing natural process variation (common cause) from unusual, actionable variation (special cause), SPC enables practitioners to maintain processes in a stable, predictable state and to detect problems early, before defective output reaches customers.