方法对比
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| 基于风险的控制图× | 统计过程控制× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 实验设计 | 实验设计 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1956 (economic design); refined through 1980s–2000s | 1924–1931 |
| 提出者≠ | A. J. Duncan (economic design, 1956); T. J. Lorenzen & L. C. Vance (unified economic model, 1986) | Walter A. Shewhart |
| 类型≠ | Quantitative process monitoring method | Process monitoring and quality control method |
| 开创性文献≠ | Lorenzen, T. J., & Vance, L. C. (1986). The economic design of control charts: A unified approach. Technometrics, 28(1), 3–10. DOI ↗ | Shewhart, W. A. (1931). Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product. Van Nostrand. ISBN: 978-0873890762 |
| 别名 | economic control chart, risk-integrated SPC, cost-based control chart, economic design of control charts | SPC, statistical quality control, process control charting, Shewhart control |
| 相关 | 6 | 6 |
| 摘要≠ | A risk-based control chart extends the classical Shewhart control chart by explicitly incorporating the costs and probabilities of two error types — false alarms (Type I) and missed shifts (Type II) — along with sampling costs, into the design of chart parameters. Rather than using arbitrary 3-sigma limits, the method selects sample size, sampling interval, and control limits to minimise the total expected cost or risk of operating the monitoring scheme. | Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a data-driven quality method that uses statistical techniques — primarily control charts — to monitor a manufacturing or service process over time. By distinguishing natural process variation (common cause) from unusual, actionable variation (special cause), SPC enables practitioners to maintain processes in a stable, predictable state and to detect problems early, before defective output reaches customers. |
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