方法对比

	风险调整筛查试验评估	筛查试验评估
领域	流行病学	流行病学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Late 1990s–2000s (formal statistical framework ~1997–2009)	1968 (Wilson-Jungner principles); statistical framework developed 1970s–2000s
提出者	Margaret Sullivan Pepe and colleagues (covariate-adjusted ROC methodology)	Wilson & Jungner (WHO criteria, 1968); foundational work by Pepe, Altman, and others in statistical test evaluation
类型	Analytical study design	Observational diagnostic / epidemiological evaluation design
开创性文献	Pepe, M. S. (2003). The Statistical Evaluation of Medical Tests for Classification and Prediction. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0198565826	Wilson, J. M. G., & Jungner, G. (1968). Principles and Practice of Screening for Disease. World Health Organization. Public Health Papers No. 34.
别名	risk-stratified screening accuracy study, covariate-adjusted diagnostic accuracy evaluation, risk-adjusted screening performance assessment, RASTE	screening study, screening performance evaluation, screening accuracy assessment, STE
相关	6	6
摘要	Risk-adjusted screening test evaluation assesses the sensitivity, specificity, and overall discriminatory accuracy of a screening test after accounting for patient-level risk factors (covariates) that independently influence test results or disease prevalence. By conditioning performance metrics on observed covariates — age, sex, comorbidities, or prior screening history — this approach yields accuracy estimates that are not confounded by differences in population risk profiles, enabling fair comparisons across subgroups or study settings.	Screening test evaluation is a systematic epidemiological approach for assessing whether a test or program can accurately and cost-effectively identify individuals with a condition before symptoms appear. It quantifies diagnostic performance metrics — sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and the ROC curve — and evaluates whether a screening program meets established public health criteria for adoption and harm-benefit balance.