方法对比

	风险调整的诊断准确性研究	筛查试验评估
领域	流行病学	流行病学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Conceptual roots 1980s–1990s; covariate-adjusted ROC formally introduced 2009	1968 (Wilson-Jungner principles); statistical framework developed 1970s–2000s
提出者	Margaret Pepe and colleagues; covariate-adjusted ROC formalized by Janes & Pepe (2009)	Wilson & Jungner (WHO criteria, 1968); foundational work by Pepe, Altman, and others in statistical test evaluation
类型	Observational clinical study design with covariate adjustment	Observational diagnostic / epidemiological evaluation design
开创性文献	Pepe, M. S. (2003). The Statistical Evaluation of Medical Tests for Classification and Prediction. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0198509844	Wilson, J. M. G., & Jungner, G. (1968). Principles and Practice of Screening for Disease. World Health Organization. Public Health Papers No. 34.
别名	case-mix-adjusted diagnostic accuracy, stratified diagnostic accuracy study, covariate-adjusted diagnostic accuracy, risk-stratified DTA study	screening study, screening performance evaluation, screening accuracy assessment, STE
相关	6	6
摘要	A risk-adjusted diagnostic accuracy study evaluates how well an index test identifies a target condition while explicitly accounting for patient-level risk factors that influence either disease prevalence or test performance. By adjusting for case-mix, it yields accuracy estimates — sensitivity, specificity, and AUC — that are not confounded by the composition of the study sample, enabling fairer comparisons across populations and clinical settings.	Screening test evaluation is a systematic epidemiological approach for assessing whether a test or program can accurately and cost-effectively identify individuals with a condition before symptoms appear. It quantifies diagnostic performance metrics — sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and the ROC curve — and evaluates whether a screening program meets established public health criteria for adoption and harm-benefit balance.